Soaring obesity rates among pregnant women in Scotland have contributed to a significant rise in caesarean section births, with nearly half of all deliveries now performed via C-section. Recent data reveals that 45 percent of babies born between July and September 2025 were delivered by this method, a stark increase from 32 percent in 2017. The Royal College of Physicians (RCP) has raised alarms over this trend, citing serious health implications for both mothers and their children.
The rise in C-section deliveries is closely tied to escalating obesity levels among expectant mothers. According to Public Health Scotland (PHS), approximately 28.5 percent of women who gave birth in the year ending March 2025 were classified as obese, with an additional 29.2 percent identified as overweight. These statistics underscore a growing public health crisis, prompting medical professionals to call for immediate action.
In a detailed report, the RCP highlighted the numerous risks associated with maternal obesity. Pregnant women with obesity are twice as likely to require a caesarean section. While C-sections can be life-saving, they also carry inherent risks, including complications for both mothers and infants. The report noted that obese women are three times more likely to develop gestational diabetes, a temporary condition that can lead to excessive fetal growth and complications during delivery. Additionally, they are 2.8 times more likely to experience pre-eclampsia, a serious pregnancy-related condition characterized by high blood pressure.
The implications of maternal obesity extend beyond immediate health risks. Infants born to obese mothers face a higher likelihood of developing obesity themselves, along with increased susceptibility to respiratory infections, asthma, and cardiovascular issues later in life. Dr. Kath McCullough, special adviser on obesity for the RCP, emphasized the urgency of addressing the root causes of obesity to improve maternal and child health outcomes.
In response to these alarming trends, the RCP has urged the Scottish Government to implement comprehensive strategies aimed at reducing obesity rates. This includes stricter regulations on the sale of unhealthy foods and enhanced educational initiatives to raise awareness about the impacts of obesity on pregnancy. Dr. McCullough stated, “We need bold, joined-up action across the system—from food policy and education to healthcare services, professional training, and research—to better prevent obesity and support women during prenatal and postnatal periods.”
The Scottish Government has acknowledged the rising obesity rates and is taking steps to address the issue. A spokesperson confirmed that efforts are underway to limit the availability of foods high in fat, salt, and sugar. Additionally, early conversations about preparing for pregnancy are being incorporated into routine healthcare practices to optimize preconception health.
As Scotland grapples with these pressing health concerns, the growing incidence of caesarean deliveries highlights the urgent need for a coordinated effort to combat obesity and improve maternal health outcomes for future generations.
